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The Great US Constitution Compromise

Article 1, Section 2, Paragraph 3

Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Persons.

Differing Ideas on Enumeration

Delegates opposed to slavery wanted to only count free people.

Delegates who were pro slavery wanted to count all people. 

Reasoning

The reason for wanting to have more people counted in your area was so that you could have additional seats in the House of Representatives and the Electoral College. 

Taxation was a secondary issue.  Southerners felt that they would get a higher tax rate than the north if slaves were counted. 

Resolution

One half and three fourths a person were submitted.  After some debate, James Madison proposed three fifths and that is where the compromise lay.

Works Cited (Wikipedia)

 

 

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